Nyika yedu yearchipelagic ine utano hwakazara hunoshamisa sezvinoita zviwi zvedu. Iyo ine dzimwe nharaunda dzakawanda dzevagari veko dzine mitauro yavo.
Chokwadi, Philippines ine mitauro yechivanhu 175 inorarama, maererano neEthnologue, inotora mitauro iyi zvinoenderana nemwero wayo wehupenyu. Pakati pemitauro 175 inorarama, 20 ndiyo “yemudzidzi,” iyo inoshanda uye inotsigirwa nemasangano kupfuura kumusha uye nharaunda; 100 inotarisirwa kuti “yakagadzikana” haisi kusimudzirwa nemasangano epamutemo, asi ichiri yetsika kumusha uye nharaunda iyo vana vachiri kudzidza nekuishandisa; ukuwo 55 inotarisirwa kuti “iri pangozi,” kana kuti haisi iyo tsika inodzidzwa nevana uye kushandiswa.
Pane mitauro miviri yatove “yakafa.” Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvisisiri kushandiswa uye hapana anoramba aine pfungwa yechitendero inobatanidzwa nemitauro iyi. Ndiri kufungisisa nezvazvo, chii chakaitika kumagariro uye ruzivo rwechinyakare rwakabatana nemitauro iyoyo. Tinogona chete kutarisira kuti zvakatonyorwa zvakakwana kuti zvive chikamu chedu nhoroondo uye mabhuku emasikirwo.
Kana tikakundikana kuchengetedza uye kusimudzira mitauro 55 iri pangozi munyika medu, hazvingatore nguva kuti dzive dzakafa zvakare.
Kune zvibvumirano zvepasi rose zvine chekuita nemitauro yechivanhu izvo Philippines yakagamuchira mukati memakore. Izvi zvinogona kutsigira mapurogiramu anogona kupa mweya mutsva kumitauro yatove pangozi. Imwe yacho iConvention against Discrimination in Education (CDE), iyo nyika yakagamuchira muna 1964.
CDE ndiyo chigaro chekutanga chinobatanidza chinotendera kuti dzidzo inzwisiswe sekodzero yevanhu. Ine chirevo chinobvumidza kodzero dzezvematongerwo enyika, senge mapoka evagari vekuPhilippines, kuti ave nemaitiro avo edzidzo, kusanganisira kushandiswa kana kudzidziswa kwemutauro wavo.
Imwe chibvumirano chakagamuchirwa nePhilippines muna 1986 iInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), inotsvaga kuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu nehutongi hwevanhu kusanganisira rusununguko kubva mukusarura. Chirevo chimwe chete chinokurudzira kodzero dzevagari, dzitendero kana dzemutauro “kuti vanakidzwe neutsika hwavo, kutenda uye kuita kwechitendero chavo, kana kushandisa mutauro wavo.”
Philippines zvakare inotora chibvumirano cheConvention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (CSICH) muna 2006, United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) muna 2007, uye United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) muna 2008.
CSICH inotarisira kuchengetedza nhaka isingabvumirwi (ICH) zvikuru kuburikidza nekusimudzira kuziva munharaunda, nyika uye pasi rose, kugadzira rukudzo kune maitiro emunharaunda, uye kupa kubatana nekubatsira pamwero wepasi rose. Chibvumirano ichi chinoti nhaka isingabvumirwi inoratidzwa kuburikidza, pakati pezvimwe, nemagariro nemashoko, kusanganisira mutauro semotokari yeICH.
Panguva imwecheteyo, UNDRIP chibvumirano chakakosha chakatungamira mukuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu vechivanhu “kuti vatenge pakukwirira, kuchengetedza uye kusimudzira masangano avo, tsika nemaitiro uye kutevedzera budiriro yavo inozvitonga, zvinoenderana nezvido nemaitiro avo.”
Pakupedzisira, UNCRPD inotsigira kuti vanhu vose vane marwadzo akasiyana-siyana vanofanirwa kuwana kodzero dzese dzevanhu nemafungiro akakosha, kusanganisira rusununguko rwekutaurirana nemafungiro, izvo zvinofanirwa kutsigirwa nemapato ehurumende kuburikidza nemaitiro anobatanidza, sekugamuchira nekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemutauro wechiratidzo, pakati pezvimwe.
Mukubatanidza izvi, imwe yemutauro yechivanhu 175 inorarama muPhilippines mutauro weFilipino Sign Language (FSL), unoshandiswa semutauro wekutanga nevanhu vanotaurira zvisinganzwisisike pamazera ese.
Zvakakosha kuti takabvumirana nezvimwe zvibvumirano izvi, asi zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti kutora chibvumirano ichi kwemapasi rose kungori kutanga kwedu. Zvakafanana zvakakosha kukoshesa zvakatemwa kwatiri. Tinofanira kuva nehushingi mukushandisa izvi zvibvumirano kuti simudzire mapurogiramu edu nemaitiro ekuchengetedza uye kusimudzira mitauro yese inorarama muPhilippines, zvikuru izvo zvakatotanga kuparara. Tinofanira kutarisa nekutora chikamu mune dzimwe chibvumirano zvepasi rose zvinogona kutungamira mukurwisa kwedu kuchengetedza mitauro yedu.